1. FOCUS ON: separable and nonseparable phrasal verbs
Phrasal verbs are either separable or nonseparable. Unfortunately, there is no rule that will help you to look at a phrasal verb and always know whether it is separable or nonseparable.
Separable phrasal verbs
Separable phrasal verbs can be separated by their object. When the object is a noun, it is usually entirely optional whether the object is placed between the verb and the particle or placed after the particle. Both sentences below are correct:
I took my shoes off.
I took off my shoes.
However, when a pronoun is used instead of a noun, the pronoun must be placed between the verb and the particle:
I took them off.
I took off them.
But in one type of sentence, separable phrasal verbs must be separated — when the phrasal verb has two objects:
She put a blanket on.
She put on a blanket.
She put a blanket on the bed.
She put on a blanket the bed.
Nonseparable phrasal verbs
Nonseparable phrasal verbs cannot be separated by their object:
He ran into a tree.
He ran a tree into.
Throughout this book, phrasal verbs that can be separated have three dots (...) between the verb and the particle.
Infinitive_____________________________________________
present tense -ing form past tense past participle
come from
come from & comes from coming from came from come from
1. come from p.v. When you come from a place, you were born there or lived there previously. When you come from a family or a social situation, your past experience helps to explain your present attitudes and behavior.
Mike comes from Alaska, so he's used to cold weather.
Jane had a difficult childhood. She came from a broken home.
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2. come from p.v. When something comes from a source, that is where it originated.
The word "admiral" comes from an Arabic word.
The mechanic heard a strange sound coming from the engine.
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Infinitive |
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present tense |
-ing form |
past tense |
past participle |
figure out |
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figure out & figures out |
figuring out |
figured out |
figured out |
1. figure ... out p.v. [the object can be a noun or a noun clause] When you figure out something, such as the answer to a question, the solution to a problem, or why a person is a certain way or acts a certain way, you think about and succeed in understanding it.
Joe's so hostile all the time. I can't figure him out.
I looked everywhere for my keys, but I couldn't figure out where I put them.
give back |
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give back & gives back |
giving back |
gave back |
given back |
1. give ... back (to) p.v. When you return something to someone, you give it back.
Can I use your pen? I'll give it back after the test.
Timmy, give that toy back to your sister right now!
look for |
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look for & looks for |
looking for |
looked for |
looked for |
1. look for p.v. When you look for things or people, you try to find them.
/ looked for you at the party, but I didn't see you.
Excuse me, can you help me? I'm looking for 303 Main St.
put on |
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put on & puts on |
putting on |
put on |
put on |
1. put... on p.v. When you place something on or apply something to your body, you put it on.
I put on my new dress before going to the party.
Eric forgot to put suntan lotion on, and now he's as red as a lobster.
2. put... on p.v. When you place something on or apply something to another surface, you put it on.
I put the book on the table.
Jerry put too much fertilizer on his lawn[S1] , and now he has to cut it twice a week.
3. put... on p.v. When you attach or affix something to another thing, you put it on.
The Wilson’s put a new roof on their house last year.
I told the tailor to put red buttons on the dress he's making for me.
4. put... on p.v. When you put on weight, you gain weight.
[S1]n. (area of grass) газон; lawn tennis теннис.